Version 2, June 1991

Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

Preamble

The licenses for most software are designed to take away yourfreedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General PublicLicense is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change freesoftware--to make sure the software is free for all its users. ThisGeneral Public License applies to most of the Free SoftwareFoundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit tousing it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered bythe GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it toyour programs, too.

When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, notprice. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that youhave the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge forthis service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get itif you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it innew free programs; and that you know you can do these things.

To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbidanyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if youdistribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.

For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whethergratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights thatyou have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get thesource code. And you must show them these terms so they know theirrights.

We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software,and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission tocopy, distribute and/or modify the software.

Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to makecertain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for thisfree software. If the software is modified by someone else and passedon, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not theoriginal, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect onthe original authors' reputations.

Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by softwarepatents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a freeprogram will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making theprogram proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that anypatent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.

The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION

0. This License applies to any program or otherwork which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying itmay be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The"Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work basedon the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work undercopyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or aportion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translatedinto another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included withoutlimitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as"you".

Activities other than copying, distribution and modification arenot covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act ofrunning the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Programis covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program(independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether thatis true depends on what the Program does.

1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies ofthe Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, providedthat you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy anappropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intactall the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of anywarranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of thisLicense along with the Program.

You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy,and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for afee.

2. You may modify your copy or copies of theProgram or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program,and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms ofSection 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

• a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
• b) You must cause any work that you distribute orpublish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from theProgram or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge toall third parties under the terms of this License.
• c) If the modified program normally reads commandsinteractively when run, you must cause it, when started running forsuch interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display anannouncement including an appropriate copyright notice and a noticethat there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty)and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, andtelling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if theProgram itself is interactive but does not normally print such anannouncement, your work based on the Program is not required to printan announcement.)

These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. Ifidentifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works inthemselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to thosesections when you distribute them as separate works. But when youdistribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work basedon the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms ofthis License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to theentire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wroteit.

Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights orcontest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intentis to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative orcollective works based on the Program.

In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on theProgram with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on avolume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the otherwork under the scope of this License.

3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or awork based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable formunder the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do oneof the following:

• a) Accompany it with the complete correspondingmachine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the termsof Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for softwareinterchange; or,
• b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for atleast three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more thanyour cost of physically performing source distribution, a completemachine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to bedistributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a mediumcustomarily used for software interchange; or,
• c) Accompany it with the information you receivedas to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (Thisalternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only ifyou received the program in object code or executable form with such anoffer, in accord with Subsection b above.)

The source code for a work means the preferred form of the workfor making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete sourcecode means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus anyassociated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to controlcompilation and installation of the executable. However, as a specialexception, the source code distributed need not include anything thatis normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with themajor components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating systemon which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompaniesthe executable.

If distribution of executable or object code is made by offeringaccess to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent accessto copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution ofthe source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copythe source along with the object code.

4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, ordistribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License.Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute theProgram is void, and will automatically terminate your rights underthis License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights,from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated solong as such parties remain in full compliance.

5. You are not required to accept this License,since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants youpermission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works.These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work basedon the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so,and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifyingthe Program or works based on it.

6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or anywork based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives alicense from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify theProgram subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose anyfurther restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights grantedherein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by thirdparties to this License.

7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment orallegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limitedto patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by courtorder, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of thisLicense, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. Ifyou cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligationsunder this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as aconsequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, ifa patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of theProgram by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly throughyou, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License wouldbe to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.

If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceableunder any particular circumstance, the balance of the section isintended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply inother circumstances.

It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe anypatents or other property right claims or to contest validity of anysuch claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting theintegrity of the free software distribution system, which isimplemented by public license practices. Many people have made generouscontributions to the wide range of software distributed through thatsystem in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is upto the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distributesoftware through any other system and a licensee cannot impose thatchoice.

This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.

8. If the distribution and/or use of the Programis restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrightedinterfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program underthis License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitationexcluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in oramong countries not thus excluded. In such case, this Licenseincorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.

9. The Free Software Foundation may publishrevised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time totime. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the presentversion, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.

Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If theProgram specifies a version number of this License which applies to itand "any later version", you have the option of following the terms andconditions either of that version or of any later version published bythe Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a versionnumber of this License, you may choose any version ever published bythe Free Software Foundation.

10. If you wish to incorporate parts of theProgram into other free programs whose distribution conditions aredifferent, write to the author to ask for permission. For softwarewhich is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the FreeSoftware Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Ourdecision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free statusof all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharingand reuse of software generally.

NO WARRANTY

11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OFCHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTEDBY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THECOPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS"WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING,BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY ANDFITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY ANDPERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVEDEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR ORCORRECTION.

12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAWOR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTYWHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BELIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTALOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THEPROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEINGRENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR AFAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IFSUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCHDAMAGES.

END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS

How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatestpossible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make itfree software which everyone can redistribute and change under theseterms.

To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safestto attach them to the start of each source file to most effectivelyconvey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at leastthe "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.
Copyright (C) yyyy  name of author
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
02111-1307, USA.

Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:

Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
type `show w'.  This is free software, and you are welcome
to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
for details.

The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c'should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Ofcourse, the commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.

You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) oryour school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program,if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:

Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
interest in the program `Gnomovision'
(which makes passes at compilers) written
by James Hacker.
signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice

This General Public License does not permit incorporating yourprogram into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutinelibrary, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietaryapplications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License.